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Pet Health Advice. Veterinary advice today looks at the important issue of caring for pets who suffer from epilepsy. Not a lot of people understand that pets can also suffer from epilepsy just like people can. To help owners adapt their lives, and their pets’, to this long-term condition, PDSA, has some handy tips and advice on the best way to care for epileptic cats and dogs.
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder caused by disorganized nerve impulses in the brain. A defining characteristic of epilepsy is seizures (or fits), during which the limbs go rigid, then shake and kick.
'Epilepsy is a neurological disorder' |
Types of epilepsy The most common form of the illness are primary (idiopathic) epilepsy. Affected pets usually have their first fit between the ages of six months and four years old. The fits normally occur when they are relaxed or sleeping.
PDSA Senior Veterinary Surgeon, Sean Wensley, explains: “There is often little warning that a pet has primary epilepsy. Normally the animals seem in good health, and unless they have parents or siblings with epilepsy, the fits can come as a shock and be very upsetting for owners.”
Secondary epilepsy normally occurs in a pet with a brain tumour or that has suffered previous trauma, such as a head injury, serious infection or if the brain has been starved of oxygen.
Seizures An epileptic seizure is preceded by the aura, which is when the pet may sense that a seizure is about to take place. Some owners may notice a change in their pet’s behavior; some try to hide, while others become ‘clingy’ or aggressive. After this, the seizure itself will take place.
Normally during a seizure dogs will become unconscious and will fall on their side, often kicking their legs. Many dogs will urinate or defecate at this stage. Seizures usually last between 30 seconds to two minutes, after which the animal becomes confused and disorientated.
What to do If your pet has a seizure you should:
Stay calm
Remove any furniture close by to stop them hurting themselves
Make sure your pet cannot harm itself by rolling into a heater or fire, sharp corners
Ensure there is nothing that could obstruct your pets breathing
Be careful, as fitting dogs can bite because they are not aware of what they are doing
Switch off the TV, radio and any bright lights to create a more relaxed environment
Sean continues: “Owners should keep a record of all seizures for their vet and time how long they last and how often they occur. It is also useful to watch your pet’s breathing patterns, eye dilation or motion, any salivating, body twisting or muscle twitching, as they are useful things for your vet to know about.”
Treatment If your pet experiences a fit, it is essential you contact your vet as soon as possible and give them as much information as you can. Your vet will need this information to determine the treatment needed.
Medication is available to help reduce the intensity and duration of epileptic seizures. Pets usually require treatment for life. It is also vital to maintain a balanced diet and regular exercise routine.
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